Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say

EditorialPrograma Editorial Universidad del Valle
PaísColombia

Colección Salud-Textos

Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say

- Editado por: Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil
- Autor: Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil
- Autor: Hoover Orlando Canaval Erazo
- Autor: Javier Enrique Fonseca Pérez

Descripción›

This book aims to describe in-depth decisions about maternal care with up-to-date and practical knowledge that improves obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the mother-baby binomial. Developed in seven chapters, with dozens of figures, it begins by describing the physiological, hormonal, immunological, and enzymatic events produced in mother-fetus communication between the onset of regular uterine contractions, through labor, birth, and delivery, until the puerperium. In this context, the Friedman curve and the new studies and definitions established by Dr. Zhang and his group are compared. It is explained how the partograph must be filled out properly, relating to the alterations of labor known as dystocia, and recommendations are given for timely diagnosis and relevant interventions. A chapter on electronic fetal monitoring is included, emphasizing antepartum and intrapartum interpretation and its clinical utility. Multiple examples are presented with recording graphs and correlated with fetal acid-base status. Postpartum hemorrhage is addressed. It is a foreseeable event secondary to childbirth, whose mortality is almost always avoidable. For this reason the authors develop the topic including pathophysiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and diagnostic aids, medical and surgical interventions according to the cause. For the authors, this book could not fail to include a chapter on labor induction. Bearing in mind that a properly carried out practice can reduce the number of cesarean sections and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the indications, contraindications, risks, and different methods to end the pregnancy by vaginal delivery are presented. The last chapter deals with the normal puerperium and the pathologies frequently found in women after childbirth and ends with the protocol of the postpartum control appointment. This book has been created after the simple observation of three professors from the Universidad del Valle who, from their day-to-day work, mainly at the Hospital Universitario del Valle “Evaristo García,” concluded that students and professionals from different health careers involved in maternal care could improve their knowledge regarding labor, delivery and the puerperium; and that although there are texts available in the literature on obstetrics in general, and that most of them are of good academic quality, none of them is dedicated exclusively to addressing physiological processes and their alterations during labor, delivery, and the puerperium as in the book Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say.

Tipo de Contenido›

Contenido

Chapter 1.

Labor, Delivery and Partograph —— 11

Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Javier E. Fonseca Pérez, Hoover O. Canaval Erazo

Physiology of Labor and Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Physiological Phases of Labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Uterine activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Alterations in the uterine dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

False labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Labor development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

First stage of labor: cervical dilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Second Stage of Labor: Expulsion Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Third Stage of Labor: Delivery of the Placenta . . . . . . . . . 25

Placenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Recommendations for integral care of pregnant individuals

during labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Partograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

How to use the CLAP partograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Chapter 2.

Labor Abnormalities. Labor Dystocias —— 45

Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Javier E. Fonseca Pérez, Hoover O. Canaval Erazo

Considerations and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Classification of Dystocias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Chapter 3.

Electronic Fetal Monitoring or Cardiotocography —— 65

Javier E. Fonseca Pérez, Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Hoover O. Canaval Erazo

Definitions in Cardiotocography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Antepartum Electronic Fetal Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Intrapartum Electronic Fetal Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Chapter 4.

Mechanisms of Labor —— 89

Javier E. Fonseca Pérez, Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Hoover O. Canaval Erazo

Fetal Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Fetal Diameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Maternal Pelvis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Mechanism of Labor in Vertex Modality . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Maneuvers in Delivery Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Episiotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Indications for Episiotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Analgesia and Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

The Incision and its Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Anatomical Planes Involved in Episiotomy . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Repair of Episiotomy or Perineal Laceration . . . . . . . . . . 115

General Recommendations for Episiorrhaphy . . . . . . . . . 115

Continuous Suture in Three Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Non-continuous or Interrupted Suture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Chapter 5.

Postpartum Hemorrhage —— 119

Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Javier E. Fonseca Pérez, Hoover O. Canaval Erazo

Magnitude of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Physiopathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Etiology and Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Identification of the Cause and Control of Bleeding . . . . . . 136

Chapter 6.

Cervical Ripening, Augmentation and Induction of Labor —— 155

Hoover O. Canaval Erazo, Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Javier E. Fonseca Pérez

Indications for Termination of Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Traditional or Empirical/Popular Methods . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Evaluation of the Cervix Prior to Determining an Induction

or Augmentation of Labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Pharmacological Methods for Cervical Ripening . . . . . . . . 161

Pharmacological Methods for Induction and Augmentation

of Labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Chapter 7.

Normal Puerperium and Frequent Pathologies —— 189

Hoover O. Canaval Erazo, Wilmar Saldarriaga Gil, Javier E. Fonseca Pérez

Physiological Adaptations in the Puerperium . . . . . . . . . . 189

Clinical Surveillance in the Immediate Puerperium . . . . . . . 198

Contraception During the Puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

Pathological Puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Puerperal Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Postpartum Control Appointment Protocol . . . . . . . . . . 217

Glossary —— 223

Analytical index —— 233

Clasificación temática›

Palabras clave›

Childbirth
Obstetrics
Postpartum
Labor

Especificaciones por formato:

Disponibilidad en otros canales⌄

Libro electrónico (PDF)Catálogo Programa Editorial UnivalleLibro electrónico (EPUB)Catálogo Programa Editorial Univalle

Ayuda

Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say

Información general

Atención al cliente